Zero Cost Water Purification by L. E. D. Light and Copper Complex
Keywords:
Reverse osmosis, osteoporosis, zero cost technique, copper complex, LEDAbstract
The white light reflects seven colors through prism. All of these colors of light are used in light emitting diode bulbs to produce light that appears white. However out of these colored lights, the orange and blue light may be well utilized for purification of contaminated household water. Purification of household contaminated drinking water by reverse osmosis gives clean water but with low T.D.S. Since household water is already chlorinated therefore this do not necessarily needs reverse osmosis which may cause osteoporosis and arthritis problem in the long run. Therefore a zero cost new technique of household drinking water was designed wherein light of different wavelengths is subjected through LED bulb into a copper vessel having water. The orange component of the light is absorbed by cupric ions to form hexa aqua copper (II) ion which kills the bacteria and the blue component of light kills the viruses. The ceramic filter candles fitted in the upper part of the copper vessel is able to maintain the T.D.S. between the ranges of 100 to 250. The noble features of this Zero cost Copper purifier over other known alternatives are mainly ; pH of the water is found to be 7.03 which is neutral but pH of the R.O. water was 6.54(slightly acidic); no plastic; no motor; nominal consumption of electricity; nominal price; optimum T.D.S.; portable and bactericidal. This purifier can now be afforded by every middle class household and poor. The system cut emissions according to conference of parties at Paris (2015) to tackle global warming because of less consumption of coal which is required to produce electricity.
References
2. Thurman R.B., Gerba C.P. (1989). "The Molecular Mechanisms of Copper and Silver Ion Disinfection of Bacteria and Viruses". CRC Critical Reviews in Environmental Control 18 (4): 295–315.
3. Sterritt, RM; Lester, JN (1980). "Interactions of heavy metals with bacteria". The Science of the total environment 14 (1): 5–17.
4. Domek, MJ; Lechevallier, MW; Cameron, SC; McFeters, GA (1984). "Evidence for the role of copper in the injury process of coliform bacteria in drinking water" (PDF). Applied and environmental microbiology 48 (2): 289–93.
5. Domek, MJ; Robbins, JE; Anderson, ME; McFeters, GA (1987). "Metabolism of Escherichia coli injured by copper". Canadian journal of microbiology 33 (1): 57–62.
6. Michels, H.T., Wilks, S.A., Noyce, J.O., Keevil, C.W. (2005), Copper Alloys for Human Infectious Disease Control, Presented at Materials Science and Technology Conference, September 25–28, 2005, Pittsburgh, PA; Copper for the 21st Century Symposium
7. Michels, Harold T. (October 2006), "Anti-Microbial Characteristics of Copper", ASTM Standardization News 34 (10): 28–31, retrieved 2014-02-03
8. Michels, H.T., Wilks, S.A., Noyce, J.O., Keevil, C.W., 2005, Copper Alloys for Human Infectious Disease Control, Presented at Materials Science and Technology Conference, September 25–28, 2005, Pittsburgh, PA; Copper for the 21st Century Symposium.
9. Michels, H.T., Wilks, S.A., Noyce, J.O., Keevil, C.W., 2005, Copper Alloys for Human Infectious Disease Control, Presented at Materials Science and Technology Conference, September 25–28, 2005, Pittsburgh, PA; Copper for the 21st Century Symposium.
10. Michels, H.T., Wilks, S.A., and Keevil, C.W., 2004, “Effects of Copper Alloy Surfaces on the Viability of Bacterium, E. coli 0157:H7,†The Second Global Congress Dedicated to Hygienic Coatings & Surface Conference Papers, Orlando, Florida, US, 26–28 January 2004, Paper 16, Paint Research Association, Middlesex, UK
11. Michels, H.T., Wilks, S.A., and Keevil, C.W., (2003), The Antimicrobial Effects of Copper Alloy Surfaces on the Bacterium E. coli O157:H7, Proceedings of Copper 2003 - Cobre 2003, The 5th International Conference, Santiago, Chile, Vol. 1 - Plenary Lectures, Economics and Applications of Copper, pp. 439–450, The Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, (presented in Microbiology, 24–27 May 2004, New Orleans; presented at the American Society for Microbiology General Meeting, New Orleans, LA May 24th.}
14. Weaver, L; Michels, HT; Keevil, CW (2008). "Survival of Clostridium difficile on copper and steel: futuristic options for hospital hygiene". The Journal of hospital infection 68 (2): 145–51.
15. Noyce, JO; Michels, H; Keevil, CW (2007). "Inactivation of Influenza A Virus on Copper versus Stainless Steel Surfaces". Applied and environmental microbiology 73 (8): 2748–50.
